Lesson 5: Getting Around

Expressions

Where?
Where is this?
Where is the station?
To where do you go?
From where does the bus depart?

: where?

koko: here

eki: train station

basu: bus

_ e: to _

_ kara: from _

shuppatsu suru: to depart <shuppatsu (departure) + suru (to do)>

Basic Rules

koko (here), soko (there) and asoko (over there) refer the place.

Verbs have different forms with different endings. Basic form is called jisho-kei (dictionary form). The basic form ends with the u-column syllables (u, ku, su, tsu, nu, mu, ru).
Examples: iku (to go), kaku (to write), suru (to do)

Directions
You turn right at the 3rd crossing.
Go straight this way about 50m.
Turn left at the T-junction.
It is on the right-hand side of the street.

mittsu-me: 3rd

kōsaten: crossing

michi: way, street

dōro: road

tsukiatari: far end (of the street)

migi: right / hidari: left

_ gawa: _ side / hantai gawa: opposite side

massugu: straight

magaru: to turn

mētoru: meters / kiro: kilo meters

Basic Rules

Ordinal number (1st, 2nd, 3rd) = cardinal number (1, 2, 3) + banme
Examples: ni-banme (2nd), roku-banme (6th), jū go-banme (15th)

In daily conversation, 1st to 9th are often spoken in different ways.

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th
Destination
Is this bound for Shinjuku?
What time is the next one to Tokyo?
Which platform is the train to Osaka?
From Tokyo to London is full

_hatsu: from_ / _iki: to_ (bound for_)

Shinjuku: one of the largest station in Tky

Ōsaka: 2nd largest city in Japan

_bansen: platform number_

manseki: full, fully occupied

at _
Does this bus stop at Shibuya?
Express train does not stop at that station.
Change to yamanote-line at Tokyo station.
At where do I change?

_de: at_ (place)

Shibuya: one of the most popular downtown in Tōkyō

kyūkō: express

Yamanotesen: Yamanote line (train in Tokyo)

tomaru: to stop

norikaeru: to change, to transfer, to connect

norikae: transfer

by _
How long does it take on foot?
About 15 minutes by bus.
How long did it took by train?
Is it near? / Is it far?

_de: by_ (means)

aruki: on foot, walking

densha: train

chikai: near, close / tōi: far

Basic Rules

Particles de (place) and de (means) are pronounced the same way, but the function of these is entirely different.

want to _
I want to go to Mt. Fuji.
I want to get on the 8 o'clock bus.
I want to send a package at the post office.
What do you want to eat?

_tai: want to_

Fujisan: highest mountain in Japan

yūbinkyoku: post office

nimotsu: package, baggage

noru: to get on, to ride

okuru: to send

taberu: to eat

Basic Rules

want to_:

Affirmative: _taidesu (present) / _takattadesu (past)

Negative: _takuarimasen (present) / _takuarimasendeshita (past)

Question: _taidesuka? (present) / _takattadesuka? (past)

Examples: tabe taidesu (want to eat), tabe takuarimasen (don't want to eat), tabe takattadesuka? (Did you want to eat?), tabe takuarimasendeshita (didn't want to eat)

want to do_
I want to exchange money at the bank.
I want to make a phone call to overseas.
Do you want to do shopping in Akihabara?
What do you want to do?

_o shitai: want to do_

ryōgae: money exchange

denwa: phone call

kaimono: shopping

ginkō: bank

kaigai: overseas

Akihabara: popular shopping area for electric appliances (Tokyo)

Basic Rules

want to do:

Affirmative: shi taidesu (present) / shi takattadesu (past)

Negative: shi takuarimasen (present) / shi takuarimasendeshita (past)

Question: shi taidesuka? (present) / shi takattadesuka? (past)

Examples: kaimono o shi taidesu (want to do shopping), kaimono o shi takuarimasen (don't want to do shopping), kaimono o shi takattadesuka? (Did you want to do shopping?)

_ please.
Reserved seat please. Shitei seki o onegaishimasu.
To Hakata at 2 o'clock please.
Return ticket please.
To Kyoto station please.

onegaishimasu: please

shitei seki: reserved seat / jiyū seki: nonreserved seat

ōfuku kippu: return ticket / katamichi kippu: one-way ticket

Hakata: one of the largest station in Kyūshū

Kyōto: ancient capital city, popular tourist destination

Please _.
Please stop here.
Please get off at Shibuya station.
Please change to the bullet train.
Please cancel the reservation.

...te (tte) kudasai: Please _.

tomeru: to stop

oriru: to get off

norikaeru: to change, to transfer

shinkansen: bullet train

yoyaku: reservation, booking

kyanseru: cancel

Basic Rules

_ please:

verb + te (tte) + kudasai

Examples: tabe te kudasai (Please eat), i tte kudasai (Please go), no tte kudasai (Please get on)

Can you (please)_?
Can you write here?
Can you tell the address?
Can you do the cleaning?

_te (tte) morae masuka?: Can you (please)_?

kaku: to write

toru: to take

oshieru: to tell, to teach

shasin: photo

jūsho: address

sōji: cleaning

Basic Rules

Can you (please)_?:

verb + te (tte) + morae masuka?

Examples: tome te morae masuka? (Can you stop?), i tte morae masuka? (Can you go?), ka tte morae masuka? (Can you buy?)

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